Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient found in some foods. In the body, it acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are compounds formed when our bodies convert the food we eat into energy. People are also exposed to free radicals in the environment from cigarette smoke, air pollution, and ultraviolet light from the sun.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-Consumer/

Vitamin D is a nutrient you need for good health. It helps your body absorb calcium, one of the main building blocks for strong bones. Together with calcium, vitamin D helps protect you from developing osteoporosis, a disease that thins and weakens the bones and makes them more likely to break. Your body needs vitamin D for other functions too. Your muscles need it to move, and your nerves need it to carry messages between your brain and your body. Your immune system needs vitamin D to fight off invading bacteria and viruses.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-Consumer/

Calcium is a mineral found in many foods. The body needs calcium to maintain strong bones and to carry out many important functions. Almost all calcium is stored in bones and teeth, where it supports their structure and hardness.

National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements

Iodine is a mineral found in some foods. The body needs iodine to make thyroid hormones. These hormones control the body's metabolism and many other important functions. The body also needs thyroid hormones for proper bone and brain development during pregnancy and infancy. Getting enough iodine is important for everyone, especially infants and women who are pregnant.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iodine-Consumer/

Magnesium is a mineral that's crucial to the body's function. Magnesium helps keep blood pressure normal, bones strong, and the heart rhythm steady.

https://www.webmd.com/diet/supplement-guide-magnesium#1

Zinc is found in cells throughout the body. It helps the immune system fight off invading bacteria and viruses. The body also needs zinc to make proteins and DNA, the genetic material in all cells. During pregnancy, infancy, and childhood, the body needs zinc to grow and develop properly. Zinc also helps wounds heal and is important for proper senses of taste and smell.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-Consumer/

Selenium is a nutrient that the body needs to stay healthy. Selenium is important for reproduction, thyroid gland function, DNA production, and protecting the body from damage caused by free radicals and from infection.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/selenium-consumer/

Your body uses manganese to make energy and protect your cells from damage. Your body also needs manganese for strong bones, reproduction, blood clotting, and a healthy immune system.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Manganese-Consumer/

Chromium is an essential trace mineral that can improve insulin sensitivity and enhance protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/288177

Your body uses molybdenum to process proteins and genetic material like DNA. Molybdenum also helps break down drugs and toxic substances that enter the body.

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Molybdenum-Consumer/

Potassium. Essential for life, potassium helps maintain normal blood pressure and keeps your heart and kidneys working normally. Potassium is found in bananas, nuts, potatoes, dairy, and other foods. Adults should aim for 4,700 milligrams of potassium daily.

WebMD, https://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/definitions-glossary

Betaine hydrochloride (HCl) may help to raise the level of acid in the stomach. It may also help with some bowel problems. There is also a prescription drug, Betaine. It is not the same as this natural product. Take extra care so you do not mix them up as they are used for different illnesses.

https://www.drugs.com/npc/betaine-hydrochloride.html

Lithium affects the flow of sodium through nerve and muscle cells in the body. Sodium affects excitation or mania.

Lithium a mood stabilizer that is a used to treat or control the manic episodes of bipolar disorder (manic depression). Manic symptoms include hyperactivity, rushed speech, poor judgment, reduced need for sleep, aggression, and anger.

Lithium also helps to prevent or lessen the intensity of manic episodes

https://www.drugs.com/lithium.html

Vanadium is a trace metal found in certain foods and beverages including water (in very small amounts). Vanadium is also sold in dietary supplement form.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-benefits-of-vanadium-89524